Real-Time Prioritized Allocation and Smart Charging for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Commercial Electric Vehicle Fleets

This paper presents a novel control approach for dynamically prioritized vehicle to charger allocation and realtime smart charge management of commercial medium and heavy-duty electric vehicle (EV) fleet charging site with megawatt-scale demand. The proposed approach does not require forecast and operates based on real-time measurements and utilizes the installed charging infrastructure, ensuring seamless integration of EV fleet charging with the power grid. Further, the approach minimizes charging costs, maximizes charger utilization, while meeting fleet charging requirements within the available dwell-time and comply with the utility interconnection agreements (e.g., feeder capacity and ramp-rate limits). The proposed controller was validated in controller hardware in the loop (CHiL) testing platform, and it resulted in 52% demand charge reduction and 46% reduction of energy cost while increasing chargers' utilization by up to 82%.