Increasing Grid Stability: Impact of Charging Characteristics on an Easy-to-Use Priority-Driven EV Load Reduction Approach

The widespread adoption of zero-emission electric vehicles (EVs) and the expansion of charging infrastructure pose significant challenges to the stability of low-voltage (LV) power grids. The increased energy demand from EV charging can cause grid congestion and voltage stability, necessitating effective management strategies to prevent disruptions. Various regulatory and operational measures have been proposed to optimize grid performance and mitigate peak loads. This paper examines the impact of relevant and realistic EV charging strategies-Constant Power (CP) and Constant Current Constant Voltage (CCCV)-on LV grid loading. Through simulations, this paper analyzes the distinct loading characteristics of these charging modes and their effects on a reference grid scenario. An easy-to-use EV load management method-the Priority-Driven Load Reduction Approach—is introduced to enhance grid stability. The findings provide a comparative assessment of charging methods in terms of load distribution, peak demand reduction, and overall grid efficiency. Results indicate that charging characteristics significantly impact grid performance; for example, CCCV reduces transformer stress by up to 5% compared to CP.