A Study on the V2G-Based Frequency Fluctuations Suppression Considering the Uncertainty of EVs Charging Loads

This paper addresses the topic of frequency, a critical subject requiring resolution in local power systems. The output of solar power generation varies significantly based on weather conditions. This output variation may result in the power system deviating from the appropriate frequency. To mitigate the issue, it is customary to implement a substantial quantity of storage batteries (BESS); but, due to their high cost, there is a necessity to limit their deployment. This research proposes a solution to minimize the required installation of BESS by utilizing EVs. Regulating the battery integrated into the electric vehicle from the power grid perspective serves to substitute the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). However, due to fluctuations in the state of charge (SOC) of the electric vehicle (EV), it is essential to take into account the convenience of the EV user. The electric vehicle user must be capable of commencing driving at any moment with adequate state of charge. Furthermore, because electric vehicles are unable to react to charge/discharge signals when their state of charge is at 0% or 100%, this unpredictability must be considered. We offer SOC synchronization control to address these issues. SOC synchronization control is a load frequency regulation technique that employs centralized management with bidirectional communication between electric vehicles and the power grid. The objective of SOC synchronization control is to align the SOC of all controllable EVs, thereby enhancing user ease and significantly mitigating uncertainty.