Analysis of the Impact of Micro-Terrain Airflow Disturbance in High Mountain Watersheds on the Temperature Distribution of Ice-Covered Transmission Lines

The safe operation of transmission lines is severely affected by atmospheric icing, particularly in mountainous regions where complex micro-terrain induces localized meteorological variations. These micro-climates can significantly alter ice accretion on power lines. This study systematically analyzes the influence of high mountain watershed micro-terrain on the temperature distribution of transmission lines. A temperature calculation model for transmission lines is developed, incorporating forced convection and the thermal effects of airborne water droplets. Three ice types-glaze, hard rime, and soft rime-are evaluated to determine the impact of ice thermal conductivity on temperature distribution. The results reveal how airflow disturbances caused by watershed terrain variations affect the heat dissipation conditions of ice-covered conductors, establishing temperature distribution patterns for ice-covered transmission lines.