A Multi-Fidelity Design Framework for Battery Thermal Management Systems: From Conceptual Level to Detailed CFD Analysis

The main objective of this paper is to develop a structured design frame to rapidly assess the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of battery thermal management systems by addressing critical design parameters and main safety challenges related to the battery for a 150-passenger mildly electrified aircraft. This framework integrates analytical methods with experimentally derived equations to define a canonical optimization problem. The resulting numerical outputs then feed into the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), enabling more informed and rapid decision-making. After evaluating the alternative designs using AHP, the suitable cooling method is chosen. Following this selection, 3D conjugate heat transfer CFD model is employed for in-depty analysis, using high-performance computing techniques to assess and validate the effectiveness of the selected cooling approach.