Optimal Dispatch of Power Grid Considering the Balance between Supply and Demand of Extreme Weather Source-Load Flexibility

With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{e}$</tex> vents and the large-scale integration of new energy sources, the co ntradiction between the supply and demand of source-load flexibi lity in the power grid has become increasingly prominent, and the regulation capacity of traditional flexibility resources is facing ch allenges. This paper proposes a source-load-storage coordinated dispatch model addressing flexibility imbalance under extreme w eather. Integrating Frank-Copula and kernel density estimation, we establish probability distributions for renewable generation a nd quantify flexibility demand through net load convolution. Flex ibility supply models incorporate thermal units, EV clusters, stor age systems, and demand response. The dual-objective optimizati on minimizes both operational costs and flexibility deficit expecta tion. Simulations demonstrate 26.4% flexibility shortage reductio <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{n}$</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{3. 8 5 \%}$</tex> cost savings, effectively balancing grid reliability an d economy under meteorological extremes.