The impact of secondhand smoke on cardiovascular disease and its prevention

Abstract: Secondhand smoke (SHS), also known as passive smoking, poses a significant threat to global public health, especially in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD). SHS exposure, which involves inhaling smoke from burning tobacco or exhaled by active smokers, can lead to various severe health risks similar to those faced by active smokers. These risks include respiratory diseases, cancer, and CVD. SHS has been linked to conditions such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Vulnerable populations, such as children, women, and individuals with existing health issues, are at higher risk from SHS. Globally, SHS contributes to millions of deaths, particularly due to CVD. Studies have shown that even brief exposure can trigger acute cardiovascular incidents. Effective public health policies, smoking bans, and increased awareness are crucial in reducing SHS exposure. Comprehensive measures to enforce smoke-free environments and educate the public are essential in mitigating the harmful effects of SHS on cardiovascular health. This review emphasizes the impact of SHS on CVD and ways to protect nonsmokers from the significant health risks posed by SHS.