Evaluating Lean Six Sigma Tools for Welding Engineering Applications: An Engineering Perspective

The Lean Six Sigma (LSS) framework is a strategic approach to managing waste, reducing inefficiencies, and optimizing manufacturing processes, such as those in welding. Its effectiveness lies in its ability to focus on minimizing waste and precisely directing processes. As industrialization progresses, it often leads to the depletion of natural resources such as water and land. Many welding industries have yet to fully implement effective waste control and process regulation strategies. This review explores how the LSS methodology can address and mitigate defects in industrial welding processes. Central to LSS is the DMAIC principle (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control), which transforms problem-solving into a structured process with specific milestones to track progress. DMAIC has been widely applied in research for optimizing welding processes. This review examines how the LSS framework has been applied to welding processes, the improvements observed, and provides guidance on advancing sustainable welding practices.