Agricultural policy: key tasks for the development of labor potential in rural areas

The goal is to determine the role of Kazakhstan’s agricultural policy in developing the labor potential of rural territories. Methods – systemic and statistical analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of demographic, economic, and educational indicators were used to assess the state and dynamics of the rural labor market and to substantiate the factors affecting labor activity in rural regions. Results – the study examined the principles of agrarian reforms in relation to rural human resources; identified key social aspects of demographic policy affecting the socio-economic situation in rural areas and the standard of living of rural residents; explored ways to diversify the rural economy to increase employment; provided recommendations for improving labor market regulation mechanisms in the agricultural sector; emphasized the significance of innovative technologies in enhancing competitiveness in agricultural industries; highlighted the need to modernize educational programs for training qualified personnel in the agro-industrial sector; analyzed trends in the development of the technical and vocational education system aligned with current requirements, the number of students from rural areas, and the impact of digital transformation on agricultural production. Conclusions – the authors conclude that addressing demographic issues in rural areas contributes to reducing unemployment and ensuring high social stability. The implementation of digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex increases labor productivity and economic activity among the rural population. Given the real situation, it is essential to explore ways to optimize the employment of the able-bodied rural population in Kazakhstan, taking into account the economic and technological needs of agricultural entities. Support is needed for effective employment in small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises and cooperatives, including peasant (farm) holdings and household plots.