The characteristic sequence of the integers that are the sum of two squares is not morphic

Let ( s 2 ( n ) ) n ∈ N be a 0 , 1 -sequence such that, for any natural number n , s 2 ( n ) = 1 if and only if n is a sum of two squares. In a recent article, Tahay proved that the sequence ( s 2 ( n ) ) n ∈ N is not k -automatic for any integer k , and asked if this sequence can be morphic. In this note, we give a negative answer to this question.

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Publication Details

Journal
Discrete Mathematics
Published
2025-07-18
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disc.2025.114685
Primary Topic
semigroups and automata theory
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

The characteristic sequence of the integers that are the sum of two squares is not morphic

Shuo Li
Discrete Mathematics
semigroups and automata theory
article

The characteristic sequence of the integers that are the sum of two squares is not morphic

Shuo Li
article en

Abstract

Let ( s 2 ( n ) ) n ∈ N be a 0 , 1 -sequence such that, for any natural number n , s 2 ( n ) = 1 if and only if n is a sum of two squares. In a recent article, Tahay proved that the sequence ( s 2 ( n ) ) n ∈ N is not k -automatic for any integer k , and asked if this sequence can be morphic. In this note, we give a negative answer to this question.

Discrete MathematicsVol. 349(1)
Zhejiang International Studies University (CN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 79%
semigroups and automata theory
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The characteristic sequence of the integers that are the sum of two squares is not morphic — Shuo Li · Discrete Mathematics (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS