The therapeutic potential of Shiitake Mushrooms (Lentinula edodes)

• Shiitake mushrooms exhibit potent anticancer, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effects. • Bioactive compounds like lentinan and eritadenine contribute to shiitake's therapeutic properties. • Shiitake mushrooms show promising potential in skincare and cosmetic applications. • More research is needed to explore clinical efficacy and optimal usage of shiitake mushrooms. Shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) have been used in traditional medicine for centuries, and recent research has revealed their wide-ranging therapeutic benefits. This review consolidates current studies on shiitake's medicinal properties, focusing on their anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial effects, as well as skincare and cosmetic applications. Key bioactive compounds, including terpenoids, phenols, and polysaccharides, contribute to these health benefits. Shiitake mushrooms exhibit potent anticancer properties by enhancing immune response and inhibiting tumour growth. They reduce oxidative stress, protect liver function, regulate lipids, lower blood pressure, and improve glycemic control. The review concludes that shiitake mushrooms offer a promising natural supplement to conventional therapies, with potential in functional foods and skincare products. Future research should investigate the mechanisms, clinical efficacy, and toxicity of shiitake-derived compounds.