Does virtual reality match reality? Vocal performance across environments

Singers naturally adapt their vocal production based on the acoustics of performance venues, yet rehearsal opportunities in these spaces are often limited. These adjustments are shaped by a combination of auditory and visual perceptions as well as the acoustic properties of the environment. This study examined how room acoustics affect five vocal parameters: vibrato rate, vibrato extent, vibrato jitter (Jvib), vibrato shimmer, and quality ratio (QR), an estimation of the singer’s formant power. Ten classically trained professional singers (five males, five females) performed the aria da camera Caro mio ben by Giordani in their preferred key under two conditions: in three physical performance venues with varying acoustics and dimensions, and in the same venues simulated through virtual reality (VR) headsets. The findings revealed that vibrato rate, extent, jitter, shimmer, and QR remained consistent across real and VR-simulated conditions, suggesting that VR successfully replicates the immersive experience of live venues. This consistency highlights the adaptability of professional singers to both physical and virtual environments. These results underline the intricate relationship between room acoustics, visual perception, and vocal production, offering insights into how classical singers maintain performance quality despite varying environments. VR technology holds promise as a reliable rehearsal tool for vocal training and performance preparation.