Unveiling Langerhans cell histiocytosis: A rare cause of scalp lesions in pediatrics

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare and clinically variable condition, most commonly affecting children. While bone involvement is frequent, cranial presentations remain a diagnostic challenge due to their overlap with other pathologies. We report the case of a 2-year-old boy presenting with multiple scalp masses, highlighting the role of imaging and histopathological analysis in the diagnosis and management of this rare disease. Additionally, we discuss the differential diagnoses and review the latest clinical guidelines for the management of pediatric LCH.