Modeling the sounding mechanism of flute-like instruments based on the measured jet response

Various sound production models for flute-like instruments have been proposed in the past. Most of them are based on the jet oscillation model proposed by Fletcher et al. Based on this model, Verge et al. constructed a model that can reproduce the correct sound pressure level, which is now considered to be the standard model. Price et al. measured the reflection function of a recorder's head, which describes the response of the jet to sound. To reproduce the reflection function using Verge's model, it was necessary to introduce an unnatural gain adjustment factor. Recently, a model allowing the jet to deflect overall has been proposed and shown to reproduce the reflection function correctly. It was, however, found that the sound pressure level was underestimated in time-domain simulation. In this study, instead of starting from Fletcher's model, a jet oscillation model was directly constructed from Price's measured reflection function using spline curve approximation. When a time-domain simulation was performed using this model, it was found that the sound pressure level and mode transition diagram of a recorder were reproduced very similarly to those observed in an artificial blowing experiment.