A Study on the Photovoltaic Conversion Mechanism of High-Efficiency Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Organicinorganic halide perovskite materials have emerged as a core light-harvesting medium for the new generation of solar energy devices due to their high absorption coefficients and high charge carrier mobility. Enhancing their photovoltaic conversion efficiency further depends on an in-depth understanding of their conversion mechanisms. This paper provides a detailed explanation of key kinetic processes such as light absorption and exciton dissociation, carrier transport and recombination, and interfacial charge transfer in perovskite photovoltaic materials. It reveals various potential factors affecting charge carrier recombination efficiency and emphasizes the significance of defect state passivation and recombination suppression for improving photovoltaic performance. This study serves as a valuable reference for optimizing the performance of future photovoltaic devices.