Photochemistry and Toxicity Studies of Aqueous <i>Nauclea Latifolia</i> Stem Bark Extract: Effect on Serum Biochemical Markers in Wistar Rats

<i>Bacground</i>: <i>Nauclea latifolia</i> is a medicinal plant used in Côte d'Ivoire as a remedy for tooth decay, dental pain and mouth sores. Its consumption can be toxic. <i>Objective</i>: The aim of this study was to assess the renal, hepatic and myocardial effects, in order to prevent toxicity. <i>Materials and methods</i>: Phytochemistry was carried out by phytochemical screening and thin-layer chromatography. Acute and sub-acute toxicity tests were carried out in accordance with OECD protocols 423 and 407 respectively. Blood samples were taken on days 14 and 28 for analysis of biochemical parameters. Urea was determined using the enzymatic method described by Tietz. Creatinine was determined using the method of Jaffé. Total plasma protein concentration called the “biuret method” developed by Kronh. Alanine aminotransferase activity was determined according to the method recommended by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC). Aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) activity was determined according to the method of ECCLS. <i>Results</i>: Phytochemistry showed the qualitative and expressive presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids and saponosides. For acute toxicity, somnolence was reported. No mortality or morbidity was observed. The LD50 was greater than 5000 mg/kg. Blood results showed no temporal disturbance in the functioning of biochemical markers of kidney, liver and heart, but some marginal variations were observed. <i>Conclusion</i>: The non-toxic effect revealed is proportional to the dose and active substances of the aqueous extract of <i>Nauclea latifolia</i> stem bark. This experiment would enable us to formulate improved traditional medicines to help treat oral cavity disorders.