Comparison And Evaluation Of Dimensional Accuracy Of Irreversible Hydrocolloid Material Incorporated With Zinc Oxide And Copper Oxide Nanoparticles- Invitro Study

Background: Irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials such as alginate are commonly used in dental practice for their ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and ability to capture fine anatomical details. However, their porous and hydrophilic nature poses a significant risk for microbial contamination, necessitating disinfection protocols that may compromise dimensional accuracy. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the dimensional accuracy and antimicrobial efficacy of alginate impression materials incorporated with zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. Materials and Methods: A total of 75 samples were divided into three groups: control (alginate without nanoparticles), ZnO-incorporated alginate, and CuO-incorporated alginate. Impressions were taken using each material, and casts were fabricated using die stone. Dimensional accuracy was assessed using a stereomicroscope, and marginal discrepancies were measured across lingual, mesial, buccal, and distal surfaces for both premolars and molars. ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests were performed to analyze the data statistically. Results: All three groups demonstrated marginal discrepancies within the clinically acceptable range of 100–150 µm. Although statistical significance (p < 0.05) was observed between groups in some comparisons, the differences were not clinically meaningful. ZnO and CuO nanoparticles significantly enhanced the antimicrobial properties of the alginate without compromising dimensional stability. Conclusion: Incorporating ZnO and CuO nanoparticles into alginate impression materials improves antimicrobial efficacy without adversely affecting dimensional accuracy. This dual-functionality presents a promising solution for enhancing infection control and clinical efficiency in dental practice. Future research should focus on optimizing nanoparticle concentrations and exploring long-term clinical applications.