Anti-Mullerian Hormone as a Surrogate Diagnostic Marker for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Worldwide, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has emerged as one of the commonest endocrinological disorders amongst women in the reproductive age group. The ovarian follicle number, mostly the preantral and small antral follicles in the ovaries, increases in PCOS along with raised serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) levels. As per recent ESHRE guidelines on PCOS, AMH is suggested as an alternative marker of polycystic ovarian morphology in the diagnosis of PCOS. AMH promotes androgen excess and ovulatory dysfunction in females with PCOS, and its increased levels suggest poor response to treatment for infertility. However, due to heterogeneity in the existing literature and varying thresholds of AMH values in different phenotypes of PCOS, it’s challenging to identify a standard threshold of AMH for diagnosing PCOS.