Mesiodens: a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management

Mesiodens, the most common type of supernumerary tooth located in the anterior maxillary region, can lead to various dental complications, including altered eruption, malocclusion, and aesthetic concerns. This paper aims to examine the clinical characteristics, classification, and treatment modalities of mesiodens, focusing on the available management options, both conservative and surgical. A thorough review of the literature was conducted to assess the prevalence, types, and outcomes of treatments for mesiodens. The findings indicate that conical mesiodens are the most prevalent, although other variations, such as tuberculated and molariform mesiodens, are also observed. Treatment strategies depend on the type of mesiodens, the patient's age, and the presence of associated dental issues. Options include extraction followed by spontaneous eruption, orthodontic traction, or surgical repositioning. The paper concludes that while extraction remains the most common intervention, retaining mesiodens is an appropriate alternative when specific clinical criteria are met. Optimal treatment planning is crucial to ensure both functional and aesthetic success.