Orthopantomographic Assessment of Condylar Structural and Positional Deviations in Kennedy\'s Class I and II Patients: A Retrospective Study

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyze structural changes and positional deviations in the mandibular condyle using orthopantomograms (OPG) in patients with Kennedy’s class I and II partial edentulism. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 300 OPG images assessed structural condylar changes in Kennedy’s class I and II patients. The images were divided into three equal groups—(1) control (completely dentate), (2) Kennedy’s class I, and (3) Kennedy’s class II. Each group was further subdivided into subgroups based on gender and age. Key parameters examined included flattening, erosion, osteophytes, sclerosis, and condylar concentricity. Data distribution was analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, with results evaluated <i>via</i> Chi-square and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests. Results: Structural changes in the condyle varied significantly among completely dentate, Kennedy’s class I, and class II patients. Class I patients exhibited a higher prevalence of changes indicative of adaptive remodeling due to increased functional load on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The study also revealed a predominance of reduced posterior condylar space in Kennedy’s class I and II, with notable differences across age-groups and genders. This highlights the potential variations in condylar adaptation influenced by the demographic factors. Conclusion: Within limitations of this study, distinct patterns of condylar structural changes and a posterior displacement of condyle in Kennedy’s class I and II patients were found. This predisposition would suggest toward the necessity of restoring the missing dentition in order to maintain the harmony of the stomatognathic system. How to cite this article: Chapre RC, Yadav NS, Hazari P, <i>et al.</i> Orthopantomographic Assessment of Condylar Structural and Positional Deviations in Kennedy’s Class I and II Patients: A Retrospective Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2025;15(2):76–83.