Performance Benchmarking of Graphene and Silicon Antennas in the Terahertz Spectrum

Graphene, a single atomic layer of carbon arranged in a hexagonal lattice, possesses remarkable properties, such as tunable optical conductivity, which have paved the way for wireless communication, particularly in the Terahertz frequency range. With the ever-growing demand for higher data rates, communication systems are pushed to operate at these higher frequencies to utilize more bandwidth, enabling faster transmission. In this study, two antennas developed using both silicon and graphene, with gallium arsenide (GaAs) as the substrate material, designed to function in the Terahertz range. The performance of the antenna is analyzed based on various parameters, showing that the graphene-based antenna outperforms its silicon counter-part.