Features of the component composition of the body in children with diseases of the digestive system and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

Introduction: small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in the small intestine is one of the risk factors for the development of secondary malabsorption syndrome and growth retardation in children. Aim: to identify features of anthropometric indicators and body composition in children with gastroenterological pathology and diagnosed SIBO. Patients and methods: 117 children were examined, median age 13,0 [11,0: 15,0], 65 (55,6%) boys and 52 (44.4%) girls with digestive diseases (functional dyspepsia, GERD, chronic gastroduodenitis), of which 60 children with hydrogen-induced H2-SIBR (group No. 1) and 57 children without H2-SIBR (group No. 2). A standard clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination was performed. The determination of H2-SIBR was carried out using a non-invasive method - the Lactofan hydrogen breath test. For an integral assessment of the hydrogen level for 90 minutes. The AUC index (Area Under Curve, “area under curve” H2, ppm) was calculated in exhaled air. The measurement of body component composition (absolute, FM, kg, and percentage of fat,%FM, lean mass content,%LMC, active cell mass, AKM, kg) was performed using bioimpedance measurement («Diamant»). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the main (length, body weight, BMI) and additional anthropometric indicators (waist and hip circumference, their ratio) between group 1 and 2 (p>0.05). In patients of group 1, in comparison with group 2, both the frequency of low%LMC (23/38.4% and 5/8.8%, p = 0.048) and the frequency of low content of ACM (25/41.7% and 8/14.0%, p = 0.015) in the body were statistically significantly higher. AUC H2 (0-90 min.) was significantly higher in children with low than normal levels of ACM in the body of children of group 1 (51.00 [22.00-62.0] and 16.00 [7.50-38.0], p = 0.047). Conclusion: In practical work in patients with diseases of the digestive system and identified SIBO, it is extremely important to timely identify deviations in the nutritional status using not only anthropometric methods, but also a more accurate method - bioimpedance, followed by timely dietary, non-drug and drug correction of both the underlying disease and SIBO.