Endoscopic features of the localization of epithelial colon neoplasms in residents of a large industrial center of Siberia

The aim of the research. Assessment of the localization features of epithelial neoplasms of the colon in residents of a large industrial center of Siberia. Materials and methods. A continuous cross-sectional retrospective study of the results of colonoscopies in 2019-2020. Results. Descriptions, conclusions and photos of 3086 colonoscopies were studied. The detection rate of adenomas was 31.8%. The total number of detected tumors was 1431. Analysis of 980 patients with detected tumors by decade of life showed an increase in the total number of detected tumors with age, but revealed significant differences in the frequency of detection of tumors before the age of 40 years and after 40 years (χ 2 = 38.8, p =0.0000). Single neoplasms occurred in 57% of cases. With age, the proportion of patients with several tumors in one or more parts of the colon significantly increased (χ 2 =15.317, p=0.009). Analysis of the localization of single tumors by section of the intestine showed their predominant location in the sigmoid colon; in other sections the frequency of occurrence was the same. The structure of the identified neoplasms varied significantly both in single tumors between sections of the colon, and in their combinations in one or more sections of the colon. The study showed low patient adherence to regular colonoscopy. Conclusion. The results obtained allow us to recommend starting a broad search for colon tumors in the fifth decade of life. The high frequency of synchronous epithelial neoplasms of different histological structures confirms the need for total colonoscopy in all cases. An additional argument for this is the approximately equal frequency of detection of adenomas in different parts of the colon.