Managing Islamic religious education teacher development for students with disabilities using the design thinking six social evolution model

The management of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teacher development for students with disabilities is essential for effective inclusive education. This study explains the Management of Islamic Religious Education Teacher Development for Students with Disabilities through qualitative methods and a literature review, employing narrative data analysis in conjunction with the Design Thinking Six Social Evolution Model. The results underscore the importance of understanding teacher challenges and the diverse needs of students, implementing adaptive training using blended learning, and utilising contextual learning materials. Effective management is achieved through prototyping training programmes that address practical needs, supported by robust policy, intersectoral collaboration, continuous mentoring, and teacher competency monitoring. Technology integration and institutional strengthening are crucial to ensure the sustainability and growth of PAI teacher development programmes for students with disabilities. The research paves the way for innovative coaching models responsive to real teacher and student needs, providing a foundation for sustainable policy recommendations in Indonesia. However, this study is limited to a literature review and lacks empirical data. Future research employing mixed methods is recommended to evaluate the model's effectiveness, adapt it to various regions and disability types, and strengthen the comprehensive evidence base for broader implementation.