Application value of serum miR-363 combined with arterial blood gas analysis parameters and lung ultrasound score in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is caused by a deficiency of alveolar surface-active substances. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of miR-363 combined with arterial blood gas analysis parameters and lung ultrasound (LUS) score for diagnosis and prognostic assessment in NRDS. In this study, 104 neonates with NRDS and 76 healthy were included as subjects. RT-qPCR was used to detect the serum miR-363 expression. Neonatal artery blood was collected for arterial blood gas analysis and LUS score was performed on neonates. ROC curves were performed to analyze the diagnostic and prognostic predictive efficacy of single and combined indicators. Independent risk factors for development of NRDS and poor prognosis in neonates were analyzed by logistic analysis. Association of miR-363 with analysis indicators was assessed by Pearson correlation analysis. miR-363 expression was significantly lower in NRDS neonates than in healthy newborns. Compared to the healthy group, NRDS neonates had lower pH, PaO2, HCO3-, and BE levels, and higher PaCO2 levels and LUS scores, and the same trend was observed for the tests in the poor prognosis group. ROC curves indicated that the diagnostic efficacy of combined indicators was higher than that of single indicators. Logistic analysis showed that miR-363 was a risk factor for the development and poor prognosis of NRDS. Pearson correlation analysis suggested that miR-363 was positively correlated with pH, PaO2, HCO3-, and BE levels, and negatively correlated with PaCO2 levels and LUS scores. Serum miR-363 in combination with arterial blood gas analysis parameters and LUS scores may serve as a tool for diagnostic and prognostic risk assessment of NRDS, providing guidance for optimizing clinical strategies.