The Use of Food Scanning Mobile Applications in Weight Loss: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Interventional Studies

Background: Obesity and overweight are major global health issues linked to increased risks of cardiovascular diseases. Mobile-health applications, particularly food-scanning apps, offer new opportunities for weight management by enhancing dietary self-monitoring. This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of food-scanning mobile applications on weight loss outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, AMED, and SPORTDiscus for studies published from 1, 2007, and November 1, 2024. Longitudinal interventional studies examining the impact of food-scanning apps on weight loss were included. The CROB2 was used for bias assessment. Data extraction and synthesis were performed independently by two reviewers, and narrative synthesis was used due to study heterogeneity. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Most showed significant weight loss in both intervention and control groups, with greater reductions among app users. Positive effects on waist circumference, adherence, and quality of life were also observed. However, variations in weight loss magnitude and adherence were noted. Notably, one study (Nezami et al., 2022) found no significant differences in weight loss outcomes between the intervention and control groups. Conclusion: Food-scanning apps show promise in promoting weight loss through self-monitoring and behavioral change. Further research is needed to identify factors influencing their effectiveness and to optimize their use in clinical and community settings.