Research on the Impact of Rural E-Commerce Development on Rural Revitalization—Mechanism Analysis Based on Per Capita Disposable Income of Farmers

在乡村振兴战略深入推进的背景下，农村电商作为数字经济与乡村发展结合的重要形式，对乡村振兴的影响备受关注。本研究聚焦农村电商发展对乡村振兴的作用，选择我国2014~2022年30个省份的面板数据进行实证分析，探讨两者之间的关系。研究发现，农村电商发展与乡村振兴战略目标高度契合，能够直接推动乡村振兴建设，为乡村产业升级和经济增长注入新动能。农民人均可支配收入提升是农村电商推动乡村振兴的关键中介路径，农村电商通过创造新的增收渠道和带动乡村产业多元化发展，促进农民收入增长，进而为乡村振兴提供支持，形成良性互动循环。此外，农村电商对乡村振兴的影响存在显著区域异质性，受资源禀赋、经济基础、政策环境等因素影响，在不同地区的推动作用不同。Against the backdrop of the in-depth advancement of the rural revitalization strategy, rural e-commerce, as an important form of the integration of the digital economy and rural development, has drawn considerable attention for its impact on rural revitalization. This study focuses on the role of rural e-commerce development in rural revitalization, using panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2014 to 2022 for empirical analysis to explore the relationship between the two. The research finds that the development of rural e-commerce is highly consistent with the strategic goals of rural revitalization, directly promoting the construction of rural revitalization and injecting new impetus into the upgrading of rural industries and economic growth. The increase in per capita disposable income of farmers is a key mediating path through which rural e-commerce promotes rural revitalization. By creating new income channels and driving the diversified development of rural industries, rural e-commerce boosts farmers’ income growth, thereby providing support for rural revitalization and forming a virtuous cycle of interaction. Additionally, the impact of rural e-commerce on rural revitalization shows significant regional heterogeneity, with varying degrees of promotion in different regions due to factors such as resource endowment, economic foundation, and policy environment.