Research on the Influence of Artificial Intelligence Applications on the New Quality Productive Forces of Enterprises—The Mediating Role of Innovation Capability

基于2011~2022年企业微观层面的面板数据，深入探究人工智能应用推动企业新质生产力的效果及影响机制。研究表明，人工智能应用能够推动企业新质生产力的发展，且创新能力在其中发挥部分中介作用。异质性检验表明，在非国有企业和中小企业中，人工智能应用促进新质生产力的发展效果更显著。本研究不仅为后续研究提供了可参考的理论视角，也为企业运用人工智能提升新质生产力提供了理论与决策参考。Based on the micro-level panel data of enterprises from 2011 to 2022, this study conducts an in-depth exploration of the effects and influencing mechanisms through which artificial intelligence (AI) applications promote the New Quality Productive Forces of enterprises. The research demonstrates that AI applications can effectively drive the development of enterprises’ New Quality Productive Forces, and innovative capability plays a partial mediating role in this process. The heterogeneity test reveals that the promoting effect of AI applications on New Quality Productive Forces is more significant in non-state-owned enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises. This study not only provides a referable theoretical perspective for follow-up research but also offers theoretical and decision-making references for enterprises to leverage AI to enhance their New Quality Productive Forces.