Dual Capable Solid Acid for Fabricating Refinement-Free Fermentable Sugars in Cellulose Hydrolysis

The conversion of nonfood biomass to sugar resources is crucial for sustainable development and carbon neutrality in chemical manufacturing. A strategy with synergically enhanced adsorption and restricted acidic groups was proposed to construct dual capable solid acids (BP@HTC) for cellulose to sugar. A precise plan coupled with low acid and programmed temperature (0.01 M H2SO4; 200 °C, 1 h/130 °C, 1 h) to fit for the activation energies in different stages of cellulose hydrolysis with BP@HTC is preferred. An 86.95% cellulose conversion and 87.24% refinement-free fermentable sugars are obtained. An 80.82% cellulose conversion and 92.18% sugar selectivity can also be maintained after 30 cycles of hydrolysis. The concentrated hydrolysate directly substitutes commercial glucose for 5-aminolevulinic acid fermentation with Corynebacterium glutamicum. This study finally provides a methodology for depolymerization and fermentation cascading reactions of nonfood biomass, which is expected to be a potential solution for the sustainable development of nonfood biomass.