Faktor sosiodemografi dan kejadian tuberkulosis di Indonesia berdasarkan IFLS 5

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia has not yet achieved the target for treatment success. Sociodemographic factors are suspected to influence TB incidence. Purpose: To analyze the relationship between socio-demographic factors and TB incidence in Indonesia. Method: Cross-sectional study design with quantitative research type that is observational analytical. This study analyzes the Indonesian Family Life Survey wave 5 (IFLS 5) Data conducted in July - September 2024 with a population including all respondents of the IFLS 5 study. The sample in this study was 32,442 individuals in Indonesia who had TB diagnosis results. Data analysis was carried out univariately to describe the frequency and percentage distribution, bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test to see the correlation of events between variables, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression tests with a risk factor model to see a valid estimate of the relationship between one main independent variable and the dependent variable. Results: The relationship between residential area (p=0.001) with a risk of 1.48 times, age (p<0.001) with a risk of 0.39 times, and gender (p=0.008) with a risk of 1.35 times. Age was the dominant factor, and an interaction was found between residential area and employment status. The final model: TB = -1.752 + (-0.574 residential area) + (-0.942 age) + (-1.124 employment status) + 0.631 employment status and residential area. Conclusion: Based on the analysis of IFLS 5 data, the incidence of tuberculosis in Indonesia is related to factors of residence, age, and gender. Meanwhile, factors that are not related to the incidence of tuberculosis in Indonesia include education level, employment status, marital status, and smoking status. Keywords: Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS 5); Sociodemographics; Tuberculosis. Pendahuluan: Tuberkulosis (TB) di Indonesia masih belum mencapai target keberhasilan pengobatan. Faktor sosiodemografi diduga memiliki pengaruh terhadap kejadian TB. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor sosiodemografi dan kejadian TB di Indonesia. Metode: Desain studi cross sectional dengan jenis penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat observasional analitik. Penelitian ini menganalisis data Indonesian Family Life Survey gelombang 5 (IFLS 5) yang dilaksanakan pada Juli - September 2024 dengan populasi meliputi seluruh responden penelitian IFLS 5. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 32,442 individu di Indonesia yang telah memiliki hasil diagnosis TB. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat untuk menggambarkan distribusi frekuensi dan persentase, analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square untuk melihat korelasi kejadian antar variabel, dan analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda dengan model faktor risiko untuk melihat estimasi secara valid hubungan dari satu variabel independen utama dengan variabel dependen. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan antara variabel tempat tinggal (p=0.001) dengan risiko 1.48 kali, usia (p<0.001) dengan risiko 0.39 kali, dan jenis kelamin (p=0.008) dengan risiko 1.35 kali. Usia menjadi faktor dominan, serta ditemukan interaksi antara tempat tinggal dan status pekerjaan. Model akhir: TB = -1.752 + (-0.574 tempat tinggal) + (-0.942 usia) + (-1.124 status pekerjaan) + 0.631 status pekerjaan dan tempat tinggal. Simpulan: Berdasarkan analisis data IFLS 5, kejadian tuberkulosis di Indonesia memiliki hubungan dengan faktor tempat tinggal, usia, dan jenis kelamin. Sementara itu, faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian tuberkulosis diantaranya tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, status pernikahan, dan status merokok. Kata Kunci: Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS 5); Sosiodemografi; Tuberkulosis.