Assessment of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for yield and quality traits in mango (Mangifera indica L.) genotype under Western Uttar Pradesh conditions

The present study was conducted at Horticultural Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, using pooled data from 2021 to 2023, to assess genetic variability, heritability and trait associations among twelve mango (Mangifera indica L.) genotypes. Significant genetic variation was observed across morphological and biochemical traits. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation (GCV and PCV) were recorded for total carotenoids, total antioxidants, fruit yield per tree, phenol content, fruit pulp weight, number of fruits per tree, fruit weight and ascorbic acid, suggesting substantial scope for genetic improvement through direct selection. All traits exhibited high heritability, indicating a strong genetic basis with limited environmental influence. Furthermore, high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean was recorded for most traits, while moderate values observed for total soluble solids and acidity indicate additive gene action. These findings highlight key traits for targeted selection in breeding programs aimed at enhancing fruit yield and quality in mango.