Neurodiversity – an original concept necessary for interdisciplinary sociological and medical research

The study investigates how neurodiversity is conceptualized and addressed in the scientific literature, with a focus on its social impact. A bibliometric analysis was performed on 101 articles indexed in PubMed (2010-2025), using the keywords “neurodiversity” and “social impact”. Data visualization was performed with VOSviewer. Five thematic clusters were identified: childhood autism, clinical assessment, autistic perspectives (e.g, “masking”), mental health, and methodological factors. The literature is dominated by the childhood perspective, while dimensions such as adult life, gender diversity and social applicability are poorly represented. The study highlights an incomplete epistemological transition: from a medical and dysfunctional perspective on neurodivergence to an identity and sociocultural approach. Although neurodiversity is beginning to be recognized as a valid research paradigm, it remains poorly integrated thematically and thematically and practically. The results signal the need for interdisciplinary and applied research that incorporates the experiences of neurodivergent people and supports the development of inclusive education, health and labor policies.