Venous Thromboembolic Complications in Patients with Coronavirus Diseases 2019 Infection Hospitalized in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department of CHNU de FANN in Dakar

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2. High rates of venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) are reported in COVID-19, correlating with severe disease and unexplained deaths. This study aimed to characterize VTE development and associated factors in COVID-19 patients hospitalized at SMIT from January to December 2021. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study of COVID-19 patients with VTE hospitalized at the SMIT, CHNU Fann, Dakar, from January to December 2021. Results: Among 248 hospitalized COVID-19 patients over 12 months, 12 developed VTE, a frequency of 4.84%. Patients were predominantly male (66.67%, sex ratio 1.25) with a mean age of 50.57 years (28-74). Common comorbidities included hypertension, diabetes (both 33.33%), and smoking (25%). RT-PCR was positive in 7 patients, and all 4 patients tested for D-dimer had elevated levels. All patients received corticosteroids and anticoagulation. Antiasthenic were administered in 11 patients, and antibiotics in 10. Only two patients had received a dose of COVID-19 vaccine. The average hospital stay was 10.82 days, with extremes of 1 and 25 days. Smoking was the only significant factor associated with thromboembolic complications. The case fatality rate was 33.33%. Conclusion: Venous thromboembolic complications are common in COVID-19, emphasizing the critical role of COVID-19 prevention. frequent in COVID-19 disease, hence the importance of prevention against COVID-19.