Design and Performance Analysis Comparison of a DWDM Optical Communication Network With and Without EDFA and LCFBG for High Data Rate Transmissions

Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology is widely used in high‐capacity optical communication systems, enabling the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals over optical fiber. However, signal attenuation and dispersion pose significant challenges to long‐distance optical transmission. To mitigate these effects, this study investigates the performance of a four‐channel dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) network with and without the use of an erbium‐doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and linear chirped fiber Bragg grating (LCFBG). In the absence of EDFA and LCFBG, the signal quality factor (QF) deteriorates as the bit rate increases, with a marked degradation at higher transmission speeds. Our results show that the introduction of EDFA significantly reduces the bit error rate (BER) and improves the QF. Moreover, combining EDFA with LCFBG provides superior performance, effectively compensating for dispersion and attenuation across various transmission distances (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 km) and data rates (2, 5, 8, 10, 15, and 20 Gbps). The combination of EDFA and LCFBG outperforms other configurations in terms of signal quality, with a notable improvement in the QF and overall system reliability. These findings suggest that the integrated use of EDFA and LCFBG is an effective solution for enhancing the performance of DWDM systems, especially for long‐haul, high‐capacity optical transmission.