Correlation, fluctuation and production of new nuclide in the transport theory of heavy ion collisions

The transport models play an important role in heavy ion collision research, not only provide a powerful tool to explore the nuclear dynamics and phase transition process, but also help to understand the the behavior of matter in the stellar interior, supernova bursts, and under extreme conditions in the early universe. This article introduces the history of development and latest progress of transport models, discusses the key problems of correlation, fluctuation, fragment formation and the production of new isotopes in the transport theory of heavy ion collision, and offers an outlook on the the development prospect of transport models.