The Dynamical Analysis of Food‐Web System With a Group Defense and Antipredator Property

Prey employ group defense as a tactic to increase their chances of escaping predator attacks. Antipredator behavior, which involves synchronized movements and heightened awareness to deceive predators, may result from it. When one prey species has group defensive systems while the other does not, there is a complex interaction between two competing prey species and one predator species. Ecosystem diversity, survival, and population stability may all be significantly impacted by this dynamic. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to propose and analyze a novel prey–predator system consisting of two competing prey with the biological traits mentioned above and a predator. The existence, boundedness, and positivity of the solution are investigated. Stability, persistence, and bifurcation analysis are investigated using a variety of mathematical techniques, including the linearization approach, the Lyapunov method, and the Sotomayor theorem. MATLAB R2021a is used to find numerical solutions to validate the theoretical conclusions and determine the effect of changing parameter values. Numerous dynamics, including bistable, periodic, and stable point behavior, are shown to be present in the system.