Building a Long Text Privacy Policy Corpus with Multi-Class Labels

Legal text poses distinctive challenges for natural language processing.The legal meaning and effect of a term may be affected by interdependence, the role of defaults in the presence of silence, and terms incorporated by reference.Further, legal text is often susceptible to multiple valid, conflicting interpretations; perhaps the most common answer to a legal interpretation question is "it depends."This work introduces a new, hand-coded dataset for the interpretation of privacy policies.It includes privacy policies from 149 firms, including documents incorporated by reference.The policies are annotated across 64 dimensions that map onto commonly included terms and applicable US and EU legal rules.Our annotation methodology is designed to capture the core challenges peculiar to legal language, including indeterminacy, interdependence between clauses, and the effects of legal default rules in the presence of contractual silence.We present a set of baseline results for the dataset using current large language models.

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Published
2025-01-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.acl-long.401
Primary Topic
Access Control and Trust
Type
article
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article

Building a Long Text Privacy Policy Corpus with Multi-Class Labels

David Stein, Florencia Marotta‐Wurgler
Access Control and Trust
article

Building a Long Text Privacy Policy Corpus with Multi-Class Labels

David Stein, Florencia Marotta‐Wurgler
article en

Abstract

Legal text poses distinctive challenges for natural language processing.The legal meaning and effect of a term may be affected by interdependence, the role of defaults in the presence of silence, and terms incorporated by reference.Further, legal text is often susceptible to multiple valid, conflicting interpretations; perhaps the most common answer to a legal interpretation question is "it depends."This work introduces a new, hand-coded dataset for the interpretation of privacy policies.It includes privacy policies from 149 firms, including documents incorporated by reference.The policies are annotated across 64 dimensions that map onto commonly included terms and applicable US and EU legal rules.Our annotation methodology is designed to capture the core challenges peculiar to legal language, including indeterminacy, interdependence between clauses, and the effects of legal default rules in the presence of contractual silence.We present a set of baseline results for the dataset using current large language models.

New York Law School (US)
Peace, Justice and strong institutions
Openalex Percentile: Top 74%
Access Control and Trust
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