Embeddings for Numerical Features Using tanh Activation

Recent advances in tabular deep learning have demonstrated the importance of embeddings for numerical features, where scalar values are mapped to high-dimensional spaces before being processed by the main model.Here, we propose an embedding method using the hyperbolic tangent (tanh) activation function that allows neural networks to achieve better accuracy on tabular data via an inductive bias similar to that of decision trees.To make training with the new embedding method reliable and efficient, we additionally propose a principled initialization method.Experiments demonstrate that the new approach improves upon or matches accuracy results from previously proposed embedding methods across multiple tabular datasets and model architectures.

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Publication Details

Published
2025-01-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.trl-1.18
Primary Topic
Neural Networks and Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Embeddings for Numerical Features Using tanh Activation

Bingyan Liu, Charles Elkan, Anil N. Hirani
Neural Networks and Applications
article

Embeddings for Numerical Features Using tanh Activation

Bingyan Liu, Charles Elkan, Anil N. Hirani
article en

Abstract

Recent advances in tabular deep learning have demonstrated the importance of embeddings for numerical features, where scalar values are mapped to high-dimensional spaces before being processed by the main model.Here, we propose an embedding method using the hyperbolic tangent (tanh) activation function that allows neural networks to achieve better accuracy on tabular data via an inductive bias similar to that of decision trees.To make training with the new embedding method reliable and efficient, we additionally propose a principled initialization method.Experiments demonstrate that the new approach improves upon or matches accuracy results from previously proposed embedding methods across multiple tabular datasets and model architectures.

National Science Foundation, National Centre for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure
Openalex Percentile: Top 90%
Neural Networks and Applications
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