Comprehensive evaluation and optimization path of innovation and entrepreneurship environment from the perspective of sustainability—pressure-state-response model

A good innovation and entrepreneurship environment is the institutional basis for promoting the sustainable development of innovation and entrepreneurship activities and continuously improving the quality of entrepreneurship. The innovation and entrepreneurship environment has an important impact on entrepreneurs’ decisions and actions, and the construction of an innovation and entrepreneurship evaluation index system is the premise and foundation of innovation and entrepreneurship evaluation.Based on the PSR model (Pressure-State-Response model), the evaluation index system of innovation and entrepreneurship environment was constructed, and the logical relationship and framework structure among the indicators were clarified with a sustainable perspective. Factor analysis and cluster analysis are used to comprehensively evaluate the innovation and entrepreneurship environment of 30 ethnic minority autonomous regions, and the obstacle degree model is applied to diagnose the obstacle factors of innovation and entrepreneurship environment. The results show that the improvement and optimization of innovation and entrepreneurship environment in ethnic autonomous areas is a spiral process. The innovation and entrepreneurship environments of the 30 national autonomous regions can be categorized into four levels, with large regional differences, serious imbalances, and different factors influencing the innovation and entrepreneurship environments. Ethnic regions can take multiple measures to continuously improve the environment for innovation and entrepreneurship, stimulate entrepreneurial vitality in ethnic regions, promote the high-quality development of regional economy, raise the level of regional innovation, and give play to the multiplier effect of innovation and entrepreneurship-led employment.