Comparative Pharmacology of Erosive Esophagitis: Proton Pump Inhibitors, H2 Blockers, Antacids , Mucosa Protective Agent and Potassium Competitive Blocker

This review studies the erosive esophagitis is an inflammatory condition of the esophageal mucosa brought about mainly by the medium of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) whenever the lower esophageal sphincter has failed. Other contributory factors might be medications, infections, immune mechanisms like eosinophilic esophagitis, or rarely, radiation or chemical insults. Symptoms vary from heartburn, dysphagia, and odynophagia to bleeding and stricture formation in very severe cases. Diagnosis is mainly endoscopic; the Los Angeles classification system is used for severity grading, while biopsies are performed for differential diagnosis. Management is by means of drugs-the treatment mainly comprises PPIs, H-2 blockers, and mucosal protective agents-and modifications to lifestyle that will allow healing and relief of symptoms. Treatment is directed according to etiology, with specific antimicrobial treatment of infectious types and steroids or biologics for eosinophilic esophagitis. Drug interactions between therapeutic agents may be theoretically possible but are very rare. Anyhow, treatment directed at causes and contributory factors is necessary for successful management and prevention of complications.