Multidimensional Spectrum Information Simultaneously Measurement Based on Stimulated Brillouin Scattering and Ultra-Wideband Frequency-to-Time Mapping

Addressing the critical limitations of restricted instantaneous bandwidth and multiparameter coupling in multidimensional spectral analysis of broadband microwave signals, this work presents a photonic fusion measurement system integrating stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and ultrawideband frequency-to-time mapping (FTTM). By innovatively exploiting the directional frequency-shift characteristics of SBS, the positive and negative optical sidebands are spectrally extended to high- and low-frequency regions, respectively, thereby overcoming conventional single-sideband bandwidth constraints. This breakthrough enables simultaneous three-dimensional demodulation of frequency, angle of arrival (AOA), and time of arrival (TOA) under an instantaneous bandwidth of 37.6 GHz. In the experiments, frequency measurement errors below 9 MHz across the 10–47.6 GHz spectrum, AOA accuracy of 0.74<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula>, and TOA precision under 5 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>s, while maintaining robust performance for concurrent demodulation of eight-tone signals. The proposed architecture establishes a new photonic solution for real-time sensing and electronic warfare in high-frequency, spectrally crowded electromagnetic environments.