First record of Slender-billed Xenops (Xenops tenuirostris) from the Belém Region of Endemism: implications for its distribution in the Amazon

ABSTRACT Here, we report the first documented record of the Slender-billed Xenops, Xenops tenuirostris Pelzeln, 1859 in the Belém Region of Endemism. A Slender-billed Xenops was collected in March 2024 on the right bank of the lower Tocantins River, in southeastern Brazilian Amazonia, in the state of Pará. In addition to this collection, we modeled the potential distribution of this species to better understand current distribution limits and potential influences of climate change and deforestation in the near-future. We modeled three scenarios: 1) present (1970-2000 average), 2) future (2041-2060) with lower global warming and 3) with greater global warming. We used uncorrelated variables for modeling with MAXENT. Models indicate a decrease in distribution limits and a change in the distribution area, losing suitable areas in the north and northwest, and continued and increasing area in the central south and southeast of the Amazon, with areas for potential occurrence of the species concentrated in the arc of deforestation. These results suggest that over the next forty years the distribution of the Slender-billed Xenops will decrease.