Virtual reality on upper limb kinesiophobia in post-stroke

Abstract Introduction: Kinesiophobia, the fear of movement due to perceived pain or re-injury, is a significant barrier to rehabilitation and recovery, particularly for stroke patients. This case study examines the impact of kinesiophobia on rehabilitation in a stroke survivor with left-sided weakness and limited shoulder range of motion. Objective: To explore the efficacy of a virtual reality-based intervention on kinesiophobia, shoulder range of motion and pain management in a post-stroke patient using the Reach Shoulder Health app. Methods: A 54-year-old male with hypertension and type 2 diabetes experienced left-sided weakness following a non-haemorrhagic infarct in the right middle cerebral artery space. Limited shoulder range of motion was observed, particularly during voluntary movements, linked to kinesiophobia and left shoulder pain. A virtual reality-based app, Reach Shoulder Health, featuring the Oculus Quest and Star Beam games, was used for 25-minute sessions, five days a week, over three weeks. The effectiveness of intervention was evaluated using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, Visual Analogue Scale, and goniometer. Results: Post-intervention, the patient showed a marked reduction in kinesiophobia, a significant improvement in shoulder range of motion, and a noticeable decrease in pain intensity, demonstrating the positive effects of the virtual reality intervention. Conclusion: This case study demonstrates the potential of virtual reality as an effective tool for reducing kinesiophobia and improving rehabilitation outcomes in stroke patients. The integration of immersive technologies could offer substantial benefits for patients with rehabilitation challenges.