MoS₂ Compounded with FG through Layered Loading for Synergistic Lubrication: A High-Performance Lubricant for Extreme Environmental Condition

MoS₂ is widely used in friction applications due to its special layered structure. However, it is prone to oxidation in harsh environments, resulting in reduced lubrication performance. It is well documented that fluorinated graphene (FG) has a tightly packed fluorinated carbon layer, which forms a physical barrier to effectively inhibit oxidation. In this study, MoS₂ and FG nanosheets were prepared by an ionic liquid crystal (ILC)-assisted exfoliation technique. FG spontaneously encapsulates MoS₂ by π-π stacking and interfacial interaction to form stable MoS₂@FG nanocomposites through dynamic sonication treatment. The cationic groups of ILC were adsorbed onto the defective sites on the MoS₂ surface and synergistically constructed a protective system with FG to inhibit oxidation. The results showed that the friction coefficient of MoS₂@FG in water was reduced to 0.096. In addition, MoS₂@FG exhibited stable low friction coefficients in PAO oil, rapeseed oil, seawater, and H₂SO₄. The study reveals the synergistic lubrication mechanism of MoS₂@FG through interlayer interaction, which provides new design ideas and technological approaches for the development of high-performance lubricant materials for harsh industrial environments.