Logarithmic kinetics and bundling in random packings of elongated 3D physical links
We explore the impact of excluded volume interactions on the local assembly of linear physical networks, where nodes are spheres and links are rigid cylinders with varying length. To focus on the effect of elongated links, we introduce a minimal 3D model that helps us zoom into confined regions of these networks whose distant parts are sequentially connected by the random deposition of physical links with a very large aspect ratio. We show that the nonequilibrium kinetics at which these elongated links, or spaghetti, adhere to the available volume without mutual crossings is logarithmic in time, as opposed to the algebraic growth in lower dimensions for needle-like packings. We attribute this qualitatively different behavior to a delay in the activation of depletion forces caused by the 3D nature of the problem. Equally important, we find that this slow kinetics is metastable, allowing us to analytically predict the kinetic scaling characterizing an algebraic growth due to the nucleation of local bundles. Our findings offer a theoretical benchmark to study the local assembly of physical networks, with implications for the modeling of nest-like packings far from equilibrium.
Authors
- Balázs Ráth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1591-609X)
- Albert-Ĺaszló Barabási (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4028-3522)
- János Kertész (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4957-5406)
- Dániel Keliger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4981-098X)
- László Lovász (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6242-5894)
- Márton Pósfai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4680-3349)
- Ivan Bonamassa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6112-8273)
- Miklós Abért
- Balázs Szegedy
Institutions
- HUN-REN Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics (HU)
- Northeastern University (US)
- Central European University (AT)
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics (HU)
- Institute of Mathematics and Informatics (BG)
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Mathematics (CZ)
- Centre Marc Bloch (DE)
- Research Network (United States) (US)
- Hungarian Research Network (HU)
- Universidad del Noreste (MX)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2025-08-04
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2427145122
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Material Dynamics and Properties
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.52
Funders
- Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal
- HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council