Review of promising monitoring systems for drainage installations in the construction of the underground part of the metro

The article describes the possible conditions for the application and distinctive features of drainage installations during the construction of the underground part of the metro. The most common causes of performance degradation or failure of pumping equipment are identified, including pump clogging, bearing failures, leaks due to seal defects, as well as severe malfunctions requiring replacement (stator burnout or impeller damage). The feasibility of implementing a condition-based monitoring system applicable to the main groups of failures occurring during the operation of pumping equipment is considered. A review of existing and prospective monitoring methods for drainage systems and commercially available electronic pump control units is provided, including: spectral analysis of currents in the drive induction motor, installation of sensors for key pump output parameters (pressure, fluid flow rate), spectral analysis and overall vibration level of the hydraulic and electrical components of the pump, use of an interturn short circuit analyzer, methods for detecting cavitation in the pump (registration of mechanical vibrations, high-frequency pressure pulsations, acoustic noise, and visual patterns), as well as the potential application of large-scale vibration monitoring systems based on machine learning and fuzzy logic. Recommendations are provided regarding the feasibility of applying such monitoring systems.