Sporotrichosis with cutaneous and pulmonary involvement in a patient with diabetes

Sporotrichosis is an endemic, fungal, zoonotic infection that is a notifiable disease in Brazil. It can occur in an atypical and serious manner, such as in its disseminated or systemic form, easily confused with other infectious diseases. Herein, we present a case of a patient with diabetes who, in addition to skin ulcers and cold abscesses on the arms, developed consumptive febrile syndrome and respiratory symptoms attributed exclusively to systemic sporotrichosis, after excluding other differential diagnoses. The treatment comprised amphotericin followed by itraconazole; a good clinical and radiological response was observed. This form of presentation is rare and mimics pulmonary tuberculosis and other systemic mycoses. The initial suspicion of the disease is as essential as is adequate treatment with antifungal drugs.