Scientific Analysis of Pranayama in Yoga Science and Its Impact on Mental Health

Pranayama is the practice involving the regulation of breath to improve physical and emotional conditions in yoga. This research paper analyzes the impact of pranayama on mental health along with its scientific explanation, specifically focusing on anxiety, stress, and depression. With 60 participants in a 6-week interventional study, four types of pranayama techniques— Anulom Vilom, Bhramari, Kapalabhati, and Nadi Shodhana—were assessed through psychological and physiological evaluations. It was shown that stress markers significantly decreased while mood, concentration, and sleep improved. The study corroborates that pranayama, rooted in ancient yogic philosophies, is compatible with contemporary neuroscience and psychophysiology, making it a safe and evidence-supported approach for mental wellness.