Technology of manufacture and efficacy of obstetric pessaries for preventive therapy in cows

The relevance of this study lies in the need to develop new, effective means of preventive therapy for retained placenta in cows, a common issue in veterinary medicine. Retained placenta can lead to serious complications, highlighting the necessity for the implementation of effective therapeutic solutions. This study aimed to develop the composition and manufacturing technology of polyethylene oxidebased pessaries incorporating the uterine β-adrenoreceptor blocker, anapriline, and to assess their efficacy in the preventive treatment of retained placenta in cows. The pessaries were produced by casting into moulds, using polyethylene oxide with molecular weights of 400 and 1500 in a ratio of 1:9, with the addition of anapriline to the base. The study was conducted on four groups of cows: a control group, which did not receive obstetric pessaries, and three experimental groups, in which pessaries with different compositions containing anapriline were tested. The manufactured pharmaceutical compositions were investigated immediately after calving by introducing them into the space between the placenta and chorion. The results of the study demonstrated that the use of pessaries containing anapriline significantly improved the efficiency of placental separation. In particular, compositions No. 2 and No. 3 showed the best performance, reducing the average time of placental separation by 6.8 and 5.6 hours, respectively, compared with the control group. The proposed pessaries proved effective in the prevention of retained placenta. The findings also suggest potential for the development of an industrial manufacturing technology for these pessaries, facilitating their widespread use in cattle farming to enhance animal productivity and reduce economic losses. The practical value of this article lies in the fact that the developed pharmaceutical compositions can be employed in veterinary practice for the preventive therapy and treatment of retained placenta in cows