Topological Optimization of a Generalized Model of Pollution in Porous Media without Density Assumptions

This study focuses on the numerical topological gradient applied to a model of pollutant transfer in porous media, obtained by removing assumptions regarding critical parameters such as density and conductivity. A generalized model of pollutant transport dynamics in porous media was developed without any assumptions regarding the density and conductivity. Topological optimization is then applied to minimize the least-squares function associated with the system representing the model. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of this approach in both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) configurations, providing insights into the optimal structural design of porous media to mitigate pollution transfer.